Parizvino, zviyero zvepasirese zvemichina yeruzivo tekinoroji uye maodhiyo nemavhidhiyo midziyo ndeye IEC60950, IEC60065, chiyero chavo chekushandisa chiri 2000m pamusoro pegungwa pazasi penzvimbo, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzinodziya kana dzinopisa mamiriro ekunze ekushandisa michina, uye yakakwirira. Kukwirira kweinowirirana yakaderera kudzvanywa nharaunda pane kuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo kuita kunofanirwa kuratidzwa pane yakajairwa.

Nyika ine makiromita 19.8 miriyoni masikweya evhu pamusoro pe2000m pamusoro pegungwa, nekaviri kukura kweChina.Idzi nzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro dzinonyanya kugoverwa muAsia neSouth America, pakati penyika dzakawanda nematunhu muSouth America anopfuura 2000m pamusoro pegungwa uye inogarwa.Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfumi hwakaderera uye mararamiro akaderera munyika idzi nematunhu, mwero wekupinda kwemidziyo yeruzivo zvakare wakadzikira, Nekuda kweizvozvo, mwero wekumisikidza unowira pasi zvakanyanya pazviyero zvepasirese uye hazvitarise zvimwe. kuchengetedza zvinodiwa pamusoro pe2,000 metres.Kunyangwe United States neCanada, dziri kuNorth America, dzakagadzira hupfumi uye dzichishandiswa zvakanyanya muruzivo nemidziyo yemagetsi, kune vanenge vasina vanhu vanogara pamusoro pe2000m, saka iyo UL standard yeUnited States haina zvimwe zvinodiwa kune yakaderera pressure. .Pamusoro pezvo, nyika zhinji dziri nhengo dzeIEC dziri muEurope, uko nzvimbo yacho iri nyore.Nyika shoma chete, dzakadai seAustria neSlovenia, dzine zvikamu pamusoro pe2000m pamusoro pegungwa, nzvimbo dzakawanda dzine makomo, mamiriro ekunze akaoma uye vanhu vashoma.Naizvozvo, European standard EN60950 uye yepasi rose standard IEC60950 haitarise kukanganisa kwenzvimbo iri pamusoro pe2000m pakuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo yeruzivo uye odhiyo nevhidhiyo michina. kuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo) yakapa kukwirira kwechikamu chekugadziriswa kwemagetsi.Mhedzisiro yehurefu hwepamusoro pakudzivirira inopihwa muIEC664A, asi mhedzisiro yekukwirira kwepamusoro pakukwira kwekushisa haisi kutariswa.

Nekuda kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo yenyika zhinji dzenhengo dzeIEC, zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji zvemaodhiyo nemavhidhiyo zvinonyanya kushandiswa kumba nehofisi, uye hazvizoshandiswe munzvimbo dziri pamusoro pe2000m, saka hazvitariswe.Zvishandiso zvemagetsi, zvakaita semotor, transformers uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvichashandiswa munzvimbo dzakaoma semakomo, saka zvinotariswa mumiyero yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi uye zvekuyeresa zviridzwa.

Nekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hweChinese uye nekudzika kweiyo shanduko nekuvhura-gwaro, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvemunyika yedu zvakagadziridzwa nekukurumidza, nzvimbo yekushandiswa yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvakare yakawedzera, uye inoita basa rakakosha mune dzimwe nguva.Panguva imwecheteyo, kunyanya kutariswa kunobhadharwa kune kuchengetedzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

1.Mamiriro ekutsvagisa uye maitiro ekusimudzira ekuchengetedza zviyero zvezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

Kubva pashanduko nekuvhurwa, vanofanotungamira mudzimba dzemagetsi chigadzirwa chekuchengetedza zviyero zvekutsvaga, bvunzo dzekuchengetedza uye chitupa dzakaita basa rakawanda, mune yekutanga dzidziso yekuchengetedza tsvakiridzo yakaita kufambira mberi, panguva imwechete ichingogara ichiteedzera mazinga epasi rose. uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi rwenyika dzakabudirira, Miyero yenyika senge GB4943 (chengetedzo yemidziyo yeruzivo tekinoroji), GB8898 (zvekuchengetedza zvinodiwa zveodhiyo nemavhidhiyo michina) uye GB4793 (kuchengetedzwa kwemidziyo yemagetsi inoshandiswa mukuyera, kutonga uye marabhoritari) yakagadziridzwa, asi mazhinji emazinga aya anochinjirwa kumamiriro ekunze ari pasi pe2000m pamusoro pegungwa, uye China ine nzvimbo yakakura.Mamiriro enzvimbo uye mamiriro ekunze akaoma zvikuru.Nharaunda yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero inzvimbo yakawanda yebani, ine vanhu vakawanda vanogara ikoko.Nzvimbo dziri pamusoro pe1000m dzinotora 60% yenzvimbo yose yeChina, idzo dziri pamusoro pe2000m dzinoita 33%, uye dziri pamusoro pe3000m dzinotora 16%.Pakati pavo, nzvimbo dziri pamusoro pe2000m dzinonyanya kutariswa muTibet, Qinghai, Yunnan, Sichuan, Qinling Makomo uye makomo ekumadokero eXinjiang, Kusanganisira Kunming, Xining, Lhasa nemamwe maguta ane vanhu vakawanda matunhu makuru, nzvimbo idzi dzine zviwanikwa zvakapfuma nekukurumidza. zvinoda budiriro, nekushandiswa kwegwaro rebudiriro renyika dzekumadokero, kuchange kuine matarenda akawanda nekudyara munzvimbo idzi, midziyo yeruzivo rwemichina nemichina yekuteerera nemavhidhiyo ichashandiswawo muhuwandu.

Pamusoro pezvo, panguva yekujoinha kwedu WTO, zvinonyanya kukosha kuchengetedza kodzero uye zvido zvevatengi veChinese nenzira dzehunyanzvi kwete dzekutonga.Nyika zhinji dzakasimukira dzese dzinoisa pamberi zvakakosha zvinodiwa zvinoenderana nezvavanofarira kana uchiunza zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekongiriNenzira iyi, unochengetedza hupfumi hwako pamwe nevatengi vako.Kupfupisa, zvakakosha zvakakosha kuti tinzwisise kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo dzakakwirira pane zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, kunyanya pakuchengetedza mashandiro.

2.Pesvedzero yekudzvinyirira yakaderera pane kuchengetedzwa kwekuita kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

The low pressure range inokurukurwa mubepa rino inongovhara mamiriro epasi, kwete kubhururuka nendege, ndege, mhepo uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza pamusoro pe6000m.Sezvo paine vanhu vashoma vanogara munzvimbo dziri pamusoro pe6000m, kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze ari pasi pe6000m pakuchengetedzeka kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kunotsanangurwa sechikamu chehurukuro,Kuenzanisa kupesvedzera kwemamiriro ekunze akasiyana kumusoro uye pasi pe2000m pakuchengetedza kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. .Zvinoenderana nezviremera zvepasirese uye zvazvino mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa, kukanganisa kwekudzikiswa kwemhepo pakuchengetedza mashandiro ezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kunonyanya kuratidzwa mune zvinotevera pfungwa:

(1) Gasi kana mvura inobuda mugoko rakavharwa
(2) Chigadziko chekuisa chisimbiso chakaputsika kana kuputika
(3) Pesvedzero yekudzikira kudzvinyirira pamhepo insulation (getsi remagetsi)
(4) Pesvedzero yekushomeka kwakaderera pane kupisa kwekufambisa kushanda zvakanaka (tembiricha inokwira)

Mune bepa rino, mhedzisiro yekudzika kwakadzika pamhepo yekuvharisa uye kupisa kwekushisa kunokurukurwa.Nekuti yakaderera kumanikidza mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza haana mhedzisiro pane yakasimba insulation, saka haisi kutariswa.

3 Mhedzisiro yekudzikira kwakaderera pakuparara kwemagetsi emagetsi gap.

Makondukita anoshandiswa kupatsanura ma voltages ane njodzi kana zvimwe zvakasiyana zvinonyanya kutsamira pazvinhu zvinodzivirira.Insulating zvinhu ndeye dielectric inoshandiswa pakuisa.Vane low conductivity, asi havasi zvachose vasiri conductive.Insulation resistivity ndiyo simba remunda wemagetsi emidziyo yekudzivirira yakakamurwa neiyo density yazvino inopfuura nepakati pemidziyo yekudzivirira.Iyo conductivity ndiyo inodzokororwa yeresistive.Nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, zvinowanzotarisirwa kuti kudzivirira kwekudzivirira kwemidziyo yekudzimisa kwakakura sezvinobvira.Insulating zvinhu zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira gasi insulating zvinhu, mvura insulating zvinhu uye yakasimba insulating zvinhu, uye gasi yepakati uye yakasimba svikiro inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi zvigadzirwa zveruzivo uye zvigadzirwa zveodhiyo nemavhidhiyo kuti zvizadzise chinangwa chekudzivirira, saka kunaka kwepakati pekudzivirira kunobata zvakananga kuchengetedzwa kwekuita kwezvigadzirwa.